Which statements about the equipment grounding conductor are true?

The equipment grounding conductor serves a critical role in ensuring electrical safety by providing a path for fault currents to safely dissipate to the ground, thereby reducing the risk of electric shock and fire hazards. The statement that a bare, covered, or insulated conductor shall be permitted accurately reflects the flexibility allowed in the National Electrical Code (NEC) regarding the types of conductors that can be used as equipment grounding conductors. This means that various materials can be used as grounding conductors based on specific installation requirements and conditions.

Using bare conductors can be beneficial when the grounding system needs to be reliable and cost-effective, while insulated conductors might be preferable in environments where there is a risk of physical damage or where visual identification is necessary. Covering or insulating grounding conductors can also help reduce corrosion and improve durability in certain applications. Therefore, this diversity in conductor types underscores the importance of appropriate selection based on the installation environment.

As for other statements, they include stipulations about the nature and sizing of grounding conductors that may not fully align with NEC guidelines, demonstrating a potential misunderstanding of grounding requirements and design considerations.