What types of faults must overcurrent protective devices be able to clear without extensive damage?

Overcurrent protective devices, such as circuit breakers and fuses, are designed to interrupt current flow safely and efficiently in the event of faults. These devices must be able to clear faults that occur between circuit conductors and equipment grounding conductors because such faults can lead to potentially hazardous conditions, including fires and equipment damage.

When a fault occurs between circuit conductors—where the current-carrying conductors experience a short circuit or overload—the protective device must react quickly to disconnect the faulty circuit to prevent excessive current from causing thermal damage, arcing, or other detrimental effects.

Additionally, if a fault occurs between circuit conductors and equipment grounding conductors, it can create a dangerous pathway for current that could lead to equipment damage or pose a shock hazard to personnel. The ability of overcurrent protective devices to clear these faults is essential for maintaining safety and ensuring that electrical systems function properly without risking injury or destruction.

Thus, the requirement for these devices to clear faults effectively recognizes the importance of safety and reliability in electrical systems.