What is the main purpose of an equipment grounding conductor?

The main purpose of an equipment grounding conductor is to provide a path for fault current. This is critical for ensuring safety in electrical systems. When a fault occurs, such as a short circuit or insulation failure, the equipment grounding conductor allows the fault current to safely return to the ground. This helps to prevent electric shock hazards and reduces the risk of equipment damage, as it facilitates the operation of circuit protection devices like circuit breakers or fuses.

In the event of a fault, the grounding conductor ensures that the fault current is directed away from users and into the ground, triggering protective devices to disconnect the power supply. This grounding system is essential for maintaining the safety and reliability of electrical installations, safeguarding both people and property from electrical faults.