In the NEC®, the neutral conductor of a 120-volt circuit is referred to as what type of conductor?

In the National Electrical Code (NEC®), the neutral conductor of a 120-volt circuit is referred to as a grounded conductor. This designation is significant because it indicates that the neutral is intentionally connected to the ground at the service entrance, serving as a return path for current in the system while maintaining a safe and effective means of grounding.

The grounded conductor is essential in ensuring that electrical systems operate safely and effectively, providing a path for fault currents to return to the source, which helps in the operation of overcurrent devices, like circuit breakers. It also plays a crucial role in stabilizing the voltage levels in the electrical system.

This term is distinct from other options like "hot," which refers to the energized conductors that carry current to the load, and "grounding," which refers to conductors that are meant to provide a direct electrical connection to the ground for safety purposes. "Return" generally describes the function of the neutral but does not align with the specific terminology used in the NEC®, hence the designation of "grounded" remains the most accurate and relevant term for describing the neutral conductor in this context.